| Abstract | U ovom radu objasnit ću što predstavlja sport za sportaše osoba s invaliditetom te koje discipline i kategorije imamo u Paraolimpijskim igrama. Osobe s invaliditetom često se suočavaju s društvenim preprekama, a invalidnost izaziva negativna shvaćanja i diskriminaciju u mnogim društvima. Zbog stigme povezane s invaliditetom, osobe s invaliditetom općenito su isključene iz obrazovanja, zaposlenja i života u zajednici, što im uskraćuje mogućnosti bitne za njihov društveni razvoj, zdravlje i dobrobit. U nekim se društvima osobe s invaliditetom smatraju ovisnima i smatraju nesposobnima, pa potiču neaktivnost zbog koje osobe s tjelesnim invaliditetom često imaju ograničenu mobilnost izvan uzroka svoje invalidnosti. Sport mijenja osobu s invaliditetom na jednako dubok način osnažujući osobe s invaliditetom da ostvare svoj puni potencijal i zalažu se za promjene u društvu. Kroz sport, osobe s invaliditetom stječu vitalne društvene vještine, razvijaju neovisnost i osnažuju se da djeluju kao nositelji promjena. Sport uči pojedince kako učinkovito komunicirati, kao i značaj timskog rada i suradnje te poštivanja drugih. Sport je također pogodan za smanjenje ovisnosti i razvoj veće neovisnosti pomažući osobama s invaliditetom da postanu fizički i psihički jači. Ove se vještine mogu prenijeti u druga nova područja, uključujući zapošljavanje i zagovaranje, što dodatno pomaže u izgradnji samo stalnosti. Paraolimpijske igre međunarodni su sportski događaj za osobe s invaliditetom. Ovo su sportovi u kojima se natječu paraolimpijci (Paralympic Movement, 2015):
Alpsko, skijanje, strjeljaštvo, badminton, biatlon, boccia, kanu, skijaško, trčanje, biciklizam, utrke, u, invalidskim, kolicima, skijanje, konjički, nogomet, 5-na-7, i, 7-na-stranu, goalball, hokej, na, sanjkama, judo, powerlifting, veslanje, jedrenje, pucanje, odbojka, snowboard, plivanje, stolni tenis, taekwondo, triatlon, atletika, košarka u invalidskim kolicima, curling, plesni, sport, mačevanje, ragbi i tenis. |
| Abstract (english) | In this paper, I will explain what sport is for athletes with disabilities and what disciplines and categories we have in the Paralympic Games. People with disabilities often face social barriers, and disability causes negative perceptions and discrimination in many societies. Because of the stigma associated with disability, people with disabilities are generally excluded from education, employment, and community living, depriving them of opportunities essential to their social development, health, and well-being. In some societies, people with disabilities are considered dependent and incompetent, thus encouraging inactivity that often results in people with physical disabilities having limited mobility beyond the cause of their disability. Sport changes a person with a disability in an equally profound way by empowering people with disabilities to reach their full potential and advocate for change in society. Through sport, people with disabilities acquire vital social skills, develop independence, and are empowered to act as agents of change. Sport teaches individuals how to communicate effectively, as well as the importance of teamwork and cooperation, and respect for others. Sport is also conducive to reducing addiction and developing greater independence by helping people with disabilities become physically and mentally stronger. These skills can be transferred to other new areas, including recruitment and advocacy, which further helps build self-sufficiency. The Paralympic Games are an international sporting event for people with disabilities. These are the sports in which Paralympians compete (Paralympic Movement, 2015):
Alpine, skiing, archery, badminton, biathlon, boccia, canoe, skiing, running, cycling, racing, in, wheelchair, skiing, equestrian, football, 5-on-7, and, 7-on-side, goalball, hockey, sledding, judo, powerlifting, rowing, sailing, shooting, volleyball, snowboarding, swimming, table tennis, taekwondo, triathlon, athletics, wheelchair basketball, curling, dancing, sports, fencing, rugby and tennis. |
